The Effectiveness of Reality Therapy Based on Skill-training on Psychological Capital and Depression in Adolescent Girls with Type 1 Diabetes

Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic disease with a high risk of disability and death. In addition to physical complications, some psychological problems, especially depression and loss of psychological capital, are also common in people with diabetes. This study aims to the effectiveness of Reality Therapy Based on Skill-training on psychological capital and depression in female adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and follow-up. The statistical population of this study was all adolescents aged 16-14 years with type 1 diabetes in Sanandaj. The statistical sample consisted of 30 adolescents with type 1 diabetes who were purposefully selected and randomly divided into reality therapy (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. The Lutens Psychological Capital Scale and the Beck Depression-2 Scale were used to collect data. The experimental group received 90 minutes of 90-minute Reality Therapy Based on Skill-training, but the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed using a mixed analysis of variance in SPSS software version 25. Results: The results of intragroup effects showed that Reality Therapy Based on Skill-training increased psychological capital (F=268.18) and reduced depression (F=149.23), in adolescent girls with type 2 diabetes (P<0.05). The results of intergroup effects showed that in the intervention group, the amount of psychological capital in the experimental group participants increased compared to the control group participants, and depression in the experimental group participants decreased compared to the control group participants. Conclusion: Results show that Reality Therapy Based on Skill-training is practical for psychological capital and depression, so the recommendation of this method to clinical psychologists to increase the psychological health of patients with type 1 diabetes is recommended.